Can artificial intelligence (AI) do real scientific research? As a test, we ask whether AI—in the form of GPT-4’s Advanced Data Analytics (ADA) agent—can fully replicate the statistical analysis that led to the discovery of the universe’s accelerating expansion.

The modern machine learning (ML) revolution has led to ML systems deployed at scale for the first time, impacting society beyond computer science experts. It is critical that these systems are integrated appropriately with minimal negative side effects.

This case study presents a community-centered evaluation of South Asian cultural representations in text-to-image (T2I) models and distills lessons for the responsible development of T2I models that allows for recognition of structural inequalities.